New York/Johannesburg—The international medical humanitarian organization Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) today launched a film series titled See What We See to highlight the people and places left behind despite years of unprecedented global public health efforts to treat and prevent AIDS worlwide.
Just one week before a pivotal pledging meeting for the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria—hosted in the United States—MSF also expressed concern that if donors fail to meet the Fund’s minimum US$15 billion replenishment target, some HIV/AIDS endemic countries may be left behind, crippling the momentum built over the last 12 years.
"AIDS deaths are now rare in rich countries, but every day 4,000 people, the majority in developing countries, still die unnecessarily from the disease," says Dr. Gilles van Cutsem, Medical Director for MSF in South Africa and Lesotho.
In most places with high HIV rates, like South Africa, Swaziland and Malawi, access to life-saving antiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically improved over the last decade. But today, according to UNAIDS one in four people who start HIV treatment in low-and middle-income countries do so dangerously late.
In several other countries where MSF works—such as the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Guinea, Central African Republic, Nigeria, South Sudan and Myanmar—timely treatment remains out of reach for the majority of people who urgently need it. This is despite the fact that these countries are considered to have low HIV prevalence levels.
"Here in Kinshasa the situation is extreme," says Dr. Maria Machako of MSF’s HIV hospital in DRC. We often see people arrive at our hospital when they are already critically ill with full-blown AIDS. For many people, it’s too late and they are literally dying on our doorstep. Twenty five percent do not survive and 39 percent of the deaths occur within 48 hours. Access to testing and treatment is fatally low for those in need while stigma is high throughout the country."
In DRC, the most optimistic estimates indicate that less than 30 percent of the 243,000 people who are eligible for antiretroviral treatment today have access. They face unnecessary suffering and premature death. Overall, treatment coverage in West and Central Africa remains the lowest of the continent, at only 34 percent. In Guinea less than 20 percent of children who need treatment get it and less than half of HIV infected pregnant women have access to antiretrovirals to protect their infants from infection.
"When we see the desperate situation in countries like DRC and Guinea, we feel like we’re in a time-warp," says Dr. Eric Goemaere, who started one of MSF’s first HIV treatment programs near Cape Town. "The severe complications of full-blown AIDS remind us of what we witnessed in southern Africa before the year 2000, when ART was not available and death was everywhere."
Today, AIDS is still the number one killer of young women of child-bearing age – not just in sub-Saharan Africa, but globally. Alarmingly, three out of four pregnant women with HIV are not receiving treatment—all of them in developing countries.
Lesotho ranks among the top three worldwide in maternal deaths. "Here antiretroviral coverage for pregnant women has declined from 76 percent in 2011 to 58 percent in 2012," says Syanness Tunggal, MSF’s project coordinator in Lesotho. "This deadly decline is also seen in overall ART coverage, which dropped from 61 percent in 2011 to 51 percent in 2012. "With lower treatment coverage, reducing maternal deaths becomes extremely difficult—especially when 58 percent of these deaths are associated with AIDS."
The See What We See films reveal what MSF medical staff witness and also highlight proven strategies for community-based care that puts more people on treatment earlier and helps them adhere to treatment in the long-term.
"Leaders’ views and national policies need to change radically," says Dr. Ernest Nyamato, MSF’s deputy country representative for South Africa and Lesotho. "Only relying on traditional health systems will not keep people alive.We are proving that people can start HIV care earlier and that they can get their treatment through community networks, taking the burden off of overwhelmed health facilities and improving people’s adherence. But some governments are resistant to giving communities a larger role in their own treatment. This must change."
